Laboratory Hoods and Ventilation Enclosures, Problems and Pitfalls,  Douglas B. Walters, Teaching Safety in High Schools, Colleges, and Universities, an on-line conference:   September 30 - November 21, 2002

November 2002

Containment Testing For Occupied and Unoccupied Laboratory Chemical Hoods, Pam Greenley, Lou DiBerardinis, Fredrick A. Lorch, ASHRAE Symposium Paper CH1 1-99-9-1

Designing Lab Ventilation to Emerging Standards,  Victor Neuman, HPAC Engineering,  October 2001

NYU has posted sample safety procedures for work with adenoviral vectors, biosafety level 2 materials, human cell lines and hazardous chemicals

HVAC Controls For Laboratory Processes, Applying Process Engineering to Design, Commissioning,   Jerry Koenigsberg,  HPAC Engineering, Control Freaks, December 2002

Nitrogen "Dry Shippers, University of Washington, Environmental Health and Safety, TIPS

Hydrogen Fluoride, Chemical Safety Information from Intergovernmental Organizations

October 2002

From Hazardous Materials Section of Codes Page:  BOCA 1996 and IBC 2000 provide limitations on hazardous materials based on number of control areas and floor in the building. These limitations apply to permitted amounts of flammable materials, combustible materials, highly toxics, pyrophoric materials and a number of other classes of hazardous materials. These two building codes are very similar with regard to the permitted limits for hazardous materials in buildings.  Information on use group B limits is covered in the powerpoint presentation  Derivation of Acceptable Quantities of Hazardous Chemicals for Use and Storage in Research Laboratories. P. Harnett, COEH, Inc., Ringoes, NJ; L. Tatsch, ProLab Solutions, Inc., Ringoes, NJ.

Washington University Hilltop Campus Annual Research Laboratory Safety Training

The International Code Council (ICC)

The International Code Council was created in 1994 by BOCA (Building Officials and Code Administrators), the ICBO (International Conference of Building Officials) and the SBCCI (Southern Building Code Congress International) to develop a single set of comprehensive, coordinated model construction codes that could be used throughout the United States and around the world.  The ICC website has a map showing which states have adopted or are in the process of adopting one or more of the international codes.   The first I-Code published was the 1995 International Plumbing Code. By 2000, a complete family of 11 construction codes was available. The ICC Performance Code for Buildings and Facilities joined the I-Code family in 2001.  The members of the three organizations have now voted to consolidate services, products and operations into the International Code Council.  The new ICC is expected to commence operations in January 2003.  See press release.

BOCA Building Officials Code of Administrators

ICBO International Conference of Building Officials

SBCCI Southern Building Code Congress International, Inc

NFPA National Fire Protection Association

ANSI American National Standards Institute

ASHRAE American Society of Conditioning Engineers Heating and Air

ASTM American Society of Testing and Materials

NIST The National Institute of Standards and Technology

UL Underwriters Laboratories

Americans With Disabilities Act

IAPMO International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials

Law: Construction Law Review

NCMA National Concrete Masonry Association

AWCI Association of Wall and Ceiling Industries

CERL U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Construction Research Engineering Laboratories

ICC/ANSI A 117.1 Standard on Accessible and Useable Buildings and Facilities

International Building Cod

NFPA 5000: Building Construction and Safety Code, 2003 Edition

Information on the National Electrical Code by Mike Holt Enterprizes  Free on this site include; a Code Forum where you get your questions answered, a E-Newsletter that keeps you informed on important industry issues, lots of Free Stuff such as spreadsheets as well as a great NEC Quiz. In addition, the site contains lots of information about important Technical subjects.

International Code Council Electrical Code

NFPA 900 - Building Energy Code

International Energy Conservation Code

2000 International Fire Code

NFPA 45 - Standard on Fire Protection for Laboratories Using Chemicals

NFPA 30 - Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code

International Fire Code Council of the International Code Committee - contains administrative text necessary to administer and enforce the referenced National Electrical Code

NFPA 101 Life Safety Code and Handboo

NFPA 704: Standard for the Identification of the Fire Hazards of Materials for Emergency Response, 2001 Edition

2000 International Fuel Gas Code

ANSI/AIHA Z9.5 Standard for Laboratory Ventilation.  The 1992 version has been revised.   The revision is expected to be published in 2003.

International Mechanical Code  - The  International Mechanical Code comprehensively regulates mechanical systems and equipment including HVAC, exhaust systems, chimneys and vents, ducts, appliances, boilers, water heaters, refrigeration, hydronic piping and solar systems

ASHRAE 110-1995 Method of Testing the Performance of Laboratory Hoods- Can be ordered through the ASHRAE online bookstore.

ACGIH Industrial Ventilation Manual, 24th Edition, 2001. Information on supply air effects, recommended face velocities, work practices, perchloric acid hoods, and biological safety cabinet.

NFPA 45 - Standard on Fire Protection for Laboratories Using Chemicals, 2000 edition, Chapter 6 is titled Laboratory Ventilating Systems and Hood Requirements. Order from http://catalog.nfpa.org/.

International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials (APM0) Uniform Mechanical Code

Hazardous Exhaust Systems have fire surpressions systems within them.  There are also restrictions on ducting incompatible chemicals through the same system and on manifolding.

International Mechanical Code requirements for Hazardous Exhaust Systems are contained in Section 510.  The requirements in this section contradict wording in NFPA 45 -2002 which indicate that automatic fire protection systems in hoods is not required except for   existing hoods where flammable liquids are handled and which have interiors with a flame spread index greater than 25 and in  the soon to be published revision of   the 1992 ANSI/AIHA Z9.5 Standard for Laboratory Ventilation which indicates that laboratory hood exhaust systems shall not be classified as hazardous exhaust systems.

The 2000 International Mechanical Code contains requirements for hazardous exhaust systems as follows:

1. A flammable vapor, gas, fume, mist or dust is present in concentrations exceeding 25 percent of the lower flammability limit of the substance for the expected room temperature.

2. A vapor, gas, fume, mist or dust with a health-hazard rating of 4 is present in any concentration

3. A vapor, gas, fume, mist or dust with a health-hazard rating of 1, 2 or 3 is present in concentrations exceeding 1 percent of the median lethal concentration of the substance for acute inhalation toxicity.